south africa informal settlement status

Informal settlements are a common occurrence in developing countries such as South Africa. Linked to policy is the need for Treasury to increase funding for the UISP and to municipalities in particular, to help tackle the challenge of informality and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants.Employment and income opportunitiesThe high levels of unemployment particularly among women suggest that programmes designed to tackle unemployment and improve income opportunities need to be gendered, if unemployment and dependence on social grants are to be reduced. This is particularly important in the light of the fact that migrant households are more likely to live in informal settlements than non –migrant households. By 1994, 13.5% of all households lived in “squatter settlements” (Department of Housing, 1994: section 3.1.3d). 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In South Africa urbanization is occurring at an excep-tionally high rate and informal (shack) settlement areas (shanty towns) have increased on the outskirts of cities and towns. To assess i) whether there is an independent association between HIV-prevalence and settlement types (urban formal, urban informal, rural formal, rural informal), and, ii) whether this changes over time, in South Africa. The average household size in the settlements was 3.75 members, which is higher than the national average of 3.4 members per household. The article strongly challenges the view that the cause of informal settlements in EMM and other parts of South Africa is predominantly the apartheid government and agrees with literature which provides evidence that to a larger extent, the present government, not the apartheid government, is one of the dominant causes of informal settlements. Credit: HSRC Communication and Stakeholder Relations. In Burkina Faso, the bishops urged strict observance of government directives and said the church would “assume its responsibility for protecting the people of God.” Similar calls were made by the bishops in Chad, Cameroon, Benin, Gabon and Niger, which became the 36th of Africa’s 54 countries to register cases of the virus March 21. Nationally, an average of 8.2% of household members reported participation in business. Please remember, Crux is a for-profit organization, so contributions are not tax-deductible. The provinces with the largest proportion of female-headed households were Free State (61.0%), Northern Cape (56.2%), and KwaZulu-Natal (54.7%). Throughout Africa, the church is “expert at using vernacular languages, and that’s what we need now to get information to people,” Pollitt told Catholic News Service March 23. Income inequality results in other forms of exclusion, the most glaring being access to adequate housing which explains the overrepresentation of Africans and Coloureds in informal settlements. After Ivory Coast has “regained some stability after conflicts, floods and economic dislocations, we now face yet another crisis,” he added. We recommend the utilisation of the UISP indicators to collect data on the effectiveness and impact evaluation of upgraded informal settlements. The findings in this paper are based on the weighted data collected (in July to September 2015) in 75 informal settlements with a total of 2 380 households. The extent of undernutrition in the informal settlement areas is high2,3, while national … In Togo, where conditions are tense after disputed Feb. 22 elections, the bishops said Masses could continue with limits on numbers and strict sanitary precautions. In this blog post, we will report on our experience and lessons learned from mapping the informal Alaska settlement in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa. They believe they deserve better, which fuels their growing discontent and violent protests. Dense informal settlements pose an extreme risk to the spread and control of Covid-19. In 1994, it was estimated that new households accommodated themselves in informal settlements at a rate of 150,000 per annum (National Department of Housing [NDOH], 1994). In a population of over 51 million, income inequalities by race continues to persist. One of the vehicles for this activity is its quarterly news magazine, the HSRC Review, which contains accessible articles of recent research outputs, expert opinion and success stories of collaborative projects. COVID-19 poses “the same grave dangers” as Ebola, especially in the capital Kinshasa, where people appear to be “taking no notice of appeals” for self-isolation, he said. However, such an assumption negates the fact that census or other general surveys do not provide detailed indicators related to either informal settlements, or adequate housing in general. In terms of citizenship, 95.2% of household members were South Africans, 4.3% were “other Africans”, and 0.5% were “other” (not African). “For the moment, the coronavirus isn’t on the scale of Ebola — but it poses the same threat to our national health,” said Msgr. Social grants in informal settlements are so critical to the survival of informal dwellers that without these, a third (32.6%) of the population would be destitute. On average, 68.8% of household members in the informal settlements targeted for upgrading were unemployed (Ndinda et al, 2016). “How, then, are we supposed to confront this pandemic effectively?”. In part, this research was borne out of the need to fill key gaps in our understanding of informal settlements in South Africa. We draw on four (2002; 2005; 2008; 2012) cross-sectional South African household surveys. Seminaries in Zambia and other countries in the region have also temporarily shut. Select from premium Informal Settlement South Africa of the highest quality. [Read] Human Settlement, Water and Sanitation Minister Lindiwe Sisulu has commended residents of Duncan Village informal settlement in East London for agreeing to … In the baseline study, household members (15 to 64 years) who worked for a wage, salary, commission or any payment in kind (including paid domestic work) during the calendar week preceding the survey, amounted to 1 317 (Ndinda et al, 2016). RecommendationsImpact Assessment of the UISPThe findings discussed in this brief provide a glimpse into the status of informal settlements, and suggest that the detailed indicators based on the twelve dimensions of measurement of the UISP provide a basis upon which effectiveness and impact assessments can be designed. In Mauritius, Cardinal Maurice E. Piat of Port Louis called for calm. In Kiambiu, an informal settlement in Kenya’s capital, Nairobi, Halima Salim told CNS the government-recommended sanitizers are yet to reach the slum’s 50,000 residents. This article aims to explore the causes of informal settlements in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality (EMM). (Credit: Thomas Mukoya/Reuters via CNS.). Informal settlements are characterised by illegal occupation of land, and lack of basic services such as water, sanitation, and electricity (Department of Human Settlements [DHS], 2009). The executive summary of the above-linked report gives us the answer straight away: 14% of South Africans live in an informal settlement (1 in 7), 7% live in traditional dwellings (like a tribal hut) and 78% of South Africans live in a formal dwelling (53% of us outright own these dwellings and 10% of us partially own them; I assume the rest rent): The settlements with the largest female population were in LP (57.9%); EC (56.2%); and NC (55.9%). According to the Executive Director UN-Habitat, these figures are likely to increase and triple by the year 2050 if no urgent intervention measures are put in place ( Waweru, 2005 : p. 1). “There are real dangers health conditions will rapidly deteriorate, allowing other diseases to spread as well,” he said. Since the transition to democracy in 1994, the South African government has consistently sought to address the challenge of inadequate housing whose most glaring manifestation is the existence of informal settlements. The highest household sizes were in Kwa-Zulu-Natal (4.53), and Northern Cape (4.03). In 2014, the Department of Human Settlements and Department of Monitoring and Evaluation commissioned a Baseline Assessment for future impact evaluation of informal settlements targeted for upgrading, to establish the baseline status of selected informal settlements (Ndinda et al, 2016). Objectives of the Upgrading of Informal Settlements Programme The objective of the UISP is to ensure health and safety, security of tenure, and community empowerment. Congo’s Platform of Religious Confessions March 20 expressed regret that the virus arrived just as Congo’s 2018 Ebola outbreak was declared over by the World Health Organization. In the Breaking New Ground (BNG) strategy, the country explicitly identified informal settlements as a growing challenge and proposed to tackle these through the creation of the upgrading of informal settlements programme (UISP) (DHS, 2009). South Africa– Blue Sky Publications (Pty) Ltd T/A TheSouthAfrican Number: 2005/028472/07. In Ghana, where the bishops ordered the suspension of Sunday Masses in its 19 dioceses for four weeks, publication of the national Catholic weekly, The Catholic Standard, has been stopped, because it is sold in churches. Find the perfect Informal Settlement South Africa stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Worshippers sing during a Mass at the Cathedral Basilica of the Holy Family in Nairobi, Kenya, March 22, 2020, amid concerns about the spread of the coronavirus pandemic. Gauteng had the most gains in terms of lifetime migrants between 2002 and 2011 (10,9%), followed by Western Cape with 9,4%. The census defines an informal settlement as: ‘An unplanned settlement on land which has not been surveyed or proclaimed as residential, consisting mainly of informal dwellings (shacks)’. With the large number (n=75) of informal settlements, where baseline evaluation data is available, we recommend that the DHS employs the experimental design in assessing the impact of the UISP as there are sufficient cases to set up intervention and control cases (informal settlements), in order to determine the impact of upgrading informal settlements.Policy on the emergence growth and upgrading of informal settlementsThe magnitude of informal settlements and the levels of deprivation therein suggest that the DHS needs to formulate a policy that addresses the emergence, growth and upgrading of informal settlements. Catherine Ndinda, Charles Hongoro, Demetre Labadarios, Tholang Mokhele, Ernest Khalema, Gina Weir Smith, Konosoang Sobane reflect on the implications for policy and impact evaluation through the upgrading of informal settlements programme.IntroductionInformal settlements represent spaces of marginality, inequality and deprivation in the urban landscape. The inhabitants are predominantly female (53.1%). Housing. Section (ii) outlines the history of informal settlement in the region and the social origins of ... and insecure status. CAPE TOWN, South Africa — Africa’s informal settlements, where running water is scarce, make for a “perfect storm” as … Most residents (46.8%) had lived in their settlement for more than eleven years, few (28.6%) had lived there for less than six years, and fewer (24.6%) between 5-10 years.Employment rates and income opportunitiesThe baseline findings on unemployment, levels of income, and few business opportunities are consistent with previous studies which suggest that informal settlements are characterised by high levels of unemployment, varied and inconsistent sources of income, and high levels of deprivation (Tipple, 2004; Kigochie, 2001; Majale, 2008). Majority of informal dwellers (69.4%) were below 35 years, and if those between 35-44 years are included, the proportion rises to 83%. The gender break-down indicated that 62.8% of the unemployed informal dwellers were females, while the rest were males. “While the church will do everything to help, the challenges are enormous, particularly when efforts to raise awareness of the dangers seem to be having no effect,” he said in a March 22 interview. Although the proportion of households living in informal settlements declined from 16.4% in 2001 to 13.6% in 2011 (Census, 2011), the findings of the baseline study on informal settlements targeted for upgrading indicate that these are home to a large proportion of the population: that is young Africans in their economically active stages of life.The population distribution based on the weighted data (2380 households) indicates that residents of informal settlements were predominantly (87.6%) African (n = 7 246), with few Coloureds (12.2%) (n = 1 007), and a very insignificant proportion of Whites (0.1%), Others (0.1%), and Indians/Asians (less than 10 per ethnic group). We’re a news site dedicated to offering the very best in smart, wired and independent coverage of the Vatican and the Catholic Church. Informal settlements were also prioritised for upgrading (DOH, 1994) through the inclusion of the consolidation subsidies in the housing subsidy scheme (HSS). Data is analysed by sex (male/female), and for women by age categories (15–49; … 134 Pretorius StreetPretoriaSouth Africa 0002, Tel: +27 (0)12 302 2000Fax: +27 (0)12 302 2001. A cross-sectional survey. Across Africa, by March 23 more than 1,600 people had been infected with COVID-19, with 48 deaths. Informal settlements are housing areas that are often illegally built on municipal land. “The proximity of people in big cities” is now a more “immediate problem” than armed conflict, Nshole said, noting concern that government-imposed measures including a ban on gatherings of more than 20 people were being ignored. All rights reserved. There is less and less attention on the locust crisis,” James Galgalo, director of Caritas in Kenya’s Isiolo Diocese, told CNS. 2014 Sep;13(3):271-9. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2014.952651. At the inception of the UISP, the underlying assumption was that the baseline status of informal settlements could be derived from census or periodical data collected by Statistics South Africa (StatsSA). IN SOUTH AFRICAN SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS: THE PRETORIA-WITWATERSRAND-VEREENIGING REGION, 1980-1989 ... culture of informal settlements and offer some speculative reasons for these characteristics. The UN Habitat (2014) report identifies the growth of slums and informal settlements, poverty and inequality, among the challenges that Southern African cities are confronted with. In South Africa, these settlements are found in a variety of areas and are home to a large percentage of the country’s impoverished population. Socio-economic and demographic factors related to HIV status in urban informal settlements in the Eastern Cape, South Africa Afr J AIDS Res . Angelus News Problems with tenure security have very large implications for development and democracy as well as for crime and personal safety. This paper reports on key findings from the baseline study on informal settlements which employed mixed methods which consisted of questionnaires administered to households in selected municipalities across the nine (9) provinces. Catholic Standard Free State recorded the lowest household size of 3.35. “When we panic, we can no longer think properly, and we can make bad decisions,” he said in a statement after the island country’s first death from COVID-19 March 21. In the Republic of Congo, the bishops’ conference said “the coronavirus is every bit as dangerous as Ebola — and it is important each of us participates at his own level in countering the pandemic.”. In the Reconstruction and Development Programme, adequate housing was identified among the top priorities of the post-apartheid government (ANC, 1994). The rising cost of living has seen the increase in informal settlements in South Africa. The HSRC is committed to the dissemination of research-based information. Income inequality results in other forms of exclusion, the most glaring being access to adequate housing which explains the overrepresentation of Africans and Coloureds in informal settlements. “Even if our countries seem less affected today than others, no country, town or population is sheltered, in reality,” the Togolese bishops said. Statistics South Africa PAGE 3 INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA - AUGUST 2013 RESEARCH REPORT PART 1 Introduction In terms of the HDA Act No. These areas present the country with some its biggest dilemmas. While adherence to sanitary requirements is nonnegotiable, “churches and other places of worship should remain open,” the Kenyan bishops said in a statement. South Africa. Data source Definition of an informal settlement Statistics South Africa “An unplanned settlement on land which has not been surveyed or proclaimed as residential, consisting mainly of informal dwellings (shacks).” Definition of an informal dwelling :“A makeshift structure not approved by a local African males aged 25–29 were most likely to migrate. In Ivory Coast, the density of population in the capital, Abidjan, and scarcity of infrastructure put “huge numbers of people” in the West African country at risk of contracting COVID-19, Father Emmanuel Wohi Nin, general secretary of the bishops’ conference in Ivory Coast, said March 22 . Most households were male-headed (54.7%). In Congo, where more than 2,200 people died in a recent Ebola outbreak, the bishops have suspended public Masses in line with government instructions. You can help Crux by giving a small amount monthly, or with a onetime gift. The Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar, known as SECAM, published a prayer for the “cure of the sick, eternal life for the dead, and consolation for stricken families,” as well as for “rapid discovery of an effective treatment” for the virus. St. John Vianney Seminary in Pretoria closed in mid-March along with South African schools and universities. The rates of unemployment were highest in the Northern Cape (83.6%) (Ndinda et al 2016). In East Africa, swarms of locusts have destroyed crops and pasture for livestock since December, but “all the focus appears to be on the virus. “The doors of your parish churches remain open for private prayer and eucharistic adoration while observing the directive on social distancing,” Archbishop John Bonaventure Kwofie of Accra said in a pastoral letter to the archdiocese’s 300,000 Catholics. The three main sources of income identified by households were salaries/ wages (52.3%); social grants (26%), and businesses (6.4%). In these crowded settlements on the edges of Africa’s cities, taps with running water are shared by many shacks and so people “can’t keep washing their hands as we’re being told to, and they certainly can’t afford sanitizer,” said Father Russell Pollitt, director of the Jesuit Institute in Johannesburg. The Tablet Follow us on Twitter & Facebook to keep up to date >. South Africa is characterised by various forms of inequality, which are magnified in informal settlements. All spheres of government are ambivalent about informal settlements a… This was largely because available data from Statistics South Africa and other … In a population of over 51 million, income inequalities by race is persistent (StatsSA, 2011). Almost one in five residents of South African cities live in a shack, most of which are densely clustered in informal settlements. To get around possible data shortages in informal settlements, the church could send bulk text messages “with accurate, truthful information” to people’s mobile phones in their own languages, Pollitt said. “You talk of washing of hands constantly as a condition to battle the deadly outbreak,” but “here this is impossible as water is such a rare commodity,” she said. © 2021 The Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC). Despite the construction of low cost housing by the government the demand of housing is far more than the supply. Infections will “spread like wildfire” if they reach urban informal settlements, Pollitt said, noting that the church should “use everything at our disposal” to stop the spread. The number of cases in South Africa reached 402 March 23. During pandemic, Nairobi nuns expand their reach, Church leaders call for more equal South Africa after COVID-19 pandemic, During coronavirus crisis, South Africa bishop urges Church to not forget the poor. Everyone needs to heed the calls to reduce the spread of the coronavirus, he said in a March 17 video recording, noting that this “is a moral obligation to save lives.”. The Catholic Channel on Sirius XM Crux is dedicated to smart, wired and independent reporting on the Vatican and worldwide Catholic Church. In the republic of South Africa (SA), for example, up to 9.1 million people are currently residing in the informal settlements (StatsSA, 2001). In a population of over 51 million, income inequalities by race continues to persist. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Cross-border migrants were the most likely to report that their food security has improved since moving to Johannesburg (data not shown). According to the Census Report of 1996, 1 049 686 households in South Africa lived in … Contributing to this report were Jonathan Luxmoore in Oxford, England; Fredrick Nzwili and Francis Njuguna in Nairobi, Kenyan; and Damian Avevor in Accra, Ghana. November 25, 2016. “Both have an impact on the people’s food security,” he said, noting that the closing of borders means that imports of pest eliminators may be blocked. The article further establishes a common and fertile grou… Currents News South Africa is characterised by various forms of inequality, which are magnified in informal settlements. The poor living conditions are the cause of poor health outcomes that are often compounded by lack of affordable nutritious food, poor access to health facilities and other social amenities, and general overcrowding in the dwellings and settlements as a whole. Shack dwellers are exposed to hardship, insecurity and hazards from living in squalid and overcrowded conditions on unserviced and sometimes unsuitable land. President Uhuru Kenyatta and the clerics kept one meter from each other during the service. The existence of informal settlements alongside affluent planned settlements represents what has been referred to as the “urban divide” (UN Habitat, 2010:6). Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators, Engagement, innovation & inclusive development, Programmatic approach: Democracy, Governance and Citizenship, Programmatic approach: Peace and Sustainable Security, Programmatic approach: Health and Wellbeing, Programmatic approach: Identity and Belonging, Programmatic approach: National, Regional and Local Economies, Programmatic approach: Responsive Education, Dignified Work and Meaningful Livelihoods, "The new Student Movement in South Africa: From #RhodesMustFall to #FeesMustFall", Rural Innovation Assessment Toolbox (RIAT), Trends in International Mathematics and Science, HSRC's 50/90 Anniversary Commemoration 2018-2020, South African Social Attitudes Survey (SASAS), Business Development and International Liaison, South Africa and Namibia to collaborate on producing national indicators on science, technology and innovation, Africa Week focuses on research and innovation, Fieldwork completed on new Rural Innovation Survey, Research Symposium supports radical city transformation, Changes in the public recognition of corruption as a societal priority in South Africa, The stomach is crying: Patterns of food insecurity and the role of social grants in South Africa. In turn, the census defines an ‘informal dwelling’ as: ‘A makeshift structure not erected according That kind of reporting doesn’t come cheap, and we need your support. Catholic TV. Informal housing or informal settlement can include any form of housing, shelter, or settlement (or lack thereof) which is illegal, falls outside of government control or regulation, or is not afforded protection by the state. The household data was computed and analysed to generate descriptive statistics and frequencies related to indicators in each of the twelve dimensions developed for the study.FindingsDemographic profileSouth Africa is characterised by various forms of inequality, but these are magnified in informal settlements. page 12 SOUTH AFRICA research report 2.3 National Department of Human Settlements (NDHS) The 2009 National Housing Code’s Informal Settlement Upgrading Programme13 identifies informal settlements on the basis of the following characteristics: • Illegality and informality; • Inappropriate locations; • Restricted public and private sector investment; • Poverty and vulnerability; and • Social stress The Upgrading of Informal Settlements … InformalSettlementsandHumanRights ) inSouthAfrica)) Submission)to)the)United)Nations)Special)Rapporteur)on) adequatehousingasa component)of)theright)toan South Africa has been reported as a country that is experiencing high levels of alcohol abuse. The archive of previous issues of the publication is available here. Most (75.9%) of the respondents in the informal settlement were internal migrants, while in the formal settlement 49.7% were internal migrants and 44.2% were cross-border migrants. South African informal settlements is often problematic, and depends on the interaction of the formal and informal tenure systems on the ground. Donatien Nshole Babula, secretary-general of the Congolese bishops’ conference. The high rates  of unemployment and low rates of participation in informal businesses suggests that meeting basic needs such as food  is a struggle,  and this compromises the nutritional needs of household members. 23, 20081, the Housing Development Agency (“HDA”), is mandated to assist organs of State with the upgrading of informal settlements. The community covers an area of 12 km2 and has an estimated population of 136,289, correspond-ing to a very high population density of 11,357 people/ km2 [18]. Although salaries / wages are listed as main sources of income, most household heads (47.5%) earn less than R2000 per month and a large proportion have no income (8.5%). DeSales Media Group in the Diocese of Brooklyn The Department of Human Settlement (DOHS) in South Africa has introduced two programmes – the National Upgrading of Informal Settlement Programme (NUSP) and the Upgrading of Informal Settlement Programme (UISP) – which are consistent with the DOHSs National Housing Code’s programmes. Ingormal settlement in Grabouw, Western Cape. The complexity in determining the magnitude of settlements and the population therein is compounded by the way these emerge, and local government response to informality. The scope of the baseline evaluation was limited to settlements targeted for upgrading, implying that they were already included in the medium term municipal budgets (2014-2019). 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